Effectiveness of calcium carbonate from
non-cultivated pearl oyster shells (Pinctada Maxima) in socket preservation

Introduction: One of the marine biota that can be used as an alternative for bone regeneration is the non-cultivated pearl oyster shell (Pinctada maxima). Calcium carbonate found in the Nacre layer has biocompatible, biodegradable, and osteogenic properties, thereby encouraging bone formation.
Objective: to investigate the impact of calcium carbonate derived from Pinctada maxima non-cultivated (PMNC) on socket preservation, focusing on RANKL expression.
Method: Using experimental laboratory research tests and clinical trials with a post-test only control group design. Mandibular right anterior tooth extraction was performed on 27 Cavia Cobaya then divided into three groups, namely the treatment group given calcium carbonate powder of non-cultivated Pinctada maxima (PMNC-P), positive control given BATAN xenograft (PC), and negative control not given bone graft (NC). The experimental animals were sacrificed on days 7, 14, and 21 then immunohistochemical examination was performed with the examination indicator being RANKL. The results of the statistical test used the ANOVA test and the Tukey Posthoc test.
Results: RANKL expression decreased significantly in the group PMNC-P and group PC on days 7, 14, and 21 and conversely slightly increased in the negative control group. However, there was no significant difference between the group PMNC-P and group PC.
Conclusion: Calcium carbonate from non-cultivated pearl oyster shells (Pinctada maxima) can reduce RANKL expression in bone regeneration.