The Frequency of Adverse Prognostic Features Detected with Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in the Practice of a Preventive Ambulatory System from Tîrgu Mureș

Background: Twenty four hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-H ABPM) plays an important role in the management of hypertensive patients. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of seven known adverse prognostic features in an ambulatory assisted hypertensive patient population.
Methods: The study included all the 957 hypertensive patients with a performed 24-H ABPM, examined in the 2008–2011 period in a preventive ambulatory cardiology system. The studied adverse prognostic features were: daytime systolic blood pressure (BP) >140 mmHg, daytime diastolic BP >90 mmHg, nighttime systolic BP >125 mmHg, nighttime diastolic BP >75 mmHg, nocturnal dipping <10%, early morning hypertension >140/90 mm Hg, pulse pressure >53 mm Hg. Patient data were introduced in an integrated patient data management system as an electronic health record. The frequency of adverse prognostic features was compared in type 2 diabetic versus non-diabetic patients, and in patients with or without manifest cardiovascular complications (ischemic heart disease, stroke, lower extremity arterial disease).
Results: The frequency of the studied adverse prognostic features was as follows: high daytime systolic BP 38.1%, high daytime diastolic BP 21.4%, high nighttime systolic BP 45.5%, high nighttime diastolic BP 31.3%, absent nocturnal dipping 59.9%, morning hypertension 33.6%, high pulse pressure 51.5%, morning surge 5.1%. A large proportion of subjects (86.2%) had one or more adverse features reported on the 24-H ABPM.
Conclusions: In clinical practice there is a frequent association of multiple adverse prognostic features of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. The presence of some prognostic features is associated with the presence of diabetes, stroke history, ischemic heart disease or lower extremity arterial disease.