Category Archives: AMM 2011, Volume 57, Number 1

Resonance Frequency Analysis of Dental Implant Stability During the Healing Period (A Clinical Study)

Boeriu S.

PhD Student, Private Practice in Cosmetic and Implant Dentistry, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada

Aim: The aim of this clinical study was to measure the implant stability quotient using a method called resonance frequency analysis of dental implants during the healing period.
Material and methods: A number of 27 patients received 50 internal hexagon implants (Biohorizons) either in the maxillary or in the mandibular arch. Implant stability was measured with an Osstell Mentor device (Osstel, AB, Sweden) using the resonance frequency analysis at the time of implant placement, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days post insertion.
Results: The mean implant stability quotient for all implants placed was 67.06. The lowest value of the implant stability quotient was at 30 days post insertion measuring 62.
Conclusions: In relation to the gender the implants placed in female patients showed a higher mean value of the implant stability quotient. In relation to the location within the dental arch the implants placed in the anterior areas had a higher implant stability quotient than the ones places in the posterior areas of the arch.

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The Influence of Row Soy Diet on Gastrointestinal Tract in Animal Model

Tiulea Corina1, Peev Camelia1, Mureşan Anca2, Feflea Stefana1, Ciurlea Sorina3, Motoc A.4

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babeș Timișoara, Faculty of Pharmacy
2 Department of Morphopatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babeș Timișoara, Faculty of Medicine
3 Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babeș Timișoara, Faculty of Pharmacy
4 Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babeș Timișoara, Faculty of Medicine

Background: Soybean is the vegetal product of soy, Glycine max fam. Fabaceae. It is well known that short-term ingestion of raw soy and plant trypsin inhibitors by mice greatly stimulates the exocrine pancreas, leading to increased enzyme production, organ enlargement and cellular hyperplasia.
The aim of this study is to examine changes that occur in the liver, an organ from the gastrointestinal tract less studied on this topic when row soy is administrated. Short time nutritional studies were conducted on C57BL/6J mice of four weeks.
Results showed a decrees in mice body mass after administration of row soybean. Histological analyze revealed an alteration of the pancreas showing the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate, the phenomen of vascular congestion and edema of the parenchymal cells and of the liver highlighting fibrosis of the vascular wall, the presence of the intravascular infiltrate represented by fibrin and figurative elements (erythrocytes and leukocytes), of the Kupffer cells phagocyte active, and granulocytes with diapedez trend.
Conclusions: The main conclusion of this study is that row soybean diet has a negative action on the gastrointestinal tract in animal model affecting mostly the pancreas and the liver translated by decreasing body weight in mice.

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Exposure to Aminoglycosides from Flu Vaccines and Susceptibility to Gentamicin Among Escherichia coli Strains in Urinary Isolates from Asthmatic Patients

Ionete Oana Mariana1, Popescu F.D.2, Greblescu Raluca3, Popescu Florica4, Avramescu Carmen1

1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Romania
2 Department of Allergology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania
3 Department of Allergology, Hospital “Nicolae Malaxa”, Bucharest, Romania
4 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Romania

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Escherichia coli, an important pathogen associated with urinary tract infections, in asthmatic adult patients previously repeatedly exposed to residual amounts of aminoglycosides from flu vaccines.
Material and methods: We determined the antibiotic susceptibility of Escherichia coli strains isolated from the specimens of adult asthmatic subjects with urinary tract infections, hospitalized in an allergy university clinic in Bucharest. All patients were enrolled in the previous six months, are known with persistent asthma treated with controller medication, and received seasonal influenza vaccination annually at least the last two years, with or without a previous A/H1N1 pandemic flu vaccination, with vaccines containing traces of aminoglycosides. A control group included adult patients with a positive history of adverse drug reactions not vaccinated for influenza and not treated with aminoglycosides in the last two years. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: We found that overall the gentamicin susceptibility rate is high in analysed samples from the enrolled patients (94.82%). Gentamicin resistance is very low in both groups, with evidently no statistical increase in resistance to this antibiotic in the Escherichia coli isolated from the urine of asthmatic patients previously parenteral exposed to influenza vaccines containing residual amounts of neomycin or gentamicin.
Conclusion: The annually administration of injectable flu vaccines containing aminoglycosides in order to protect high-risk groups against the variable influenza virus seems not to influence gentamicin susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli strains.

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Nutritional Parameters in Children with Acute Leukemia

Chinceșan Mihaela, Baghiu Despina, Horvath Adrienne, Moldovan Diana

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș; Pediatric Clinic No. I, The Hematooncology Department

Background: Nutritional problems with children suffering from cancer varies from extreme malnutrition to complex nutritional problems due to both disease and treatment.
Aim: In this study we intend to assess the nutritional status of the children with acute leukemia and the malnutrition effect on the evolution of the disease.
Material and method: We have performed a retrospective study on a group of 53 children suffering from acute leukemia who were diagnosed and treated in The Pediatric Clinic No. I Targu-Mures, The Department of Hematooncology within the period of 2001–2009. The nutritional status is assessed through anthropometric, hemathological and biochemical parameters before the initiation of chemotherapy.
Results: The group of study included 32 males and 21 females, with an average age of 7.2 years at the beginning of the malignant disease; out of 53 patients, 46 were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 7 with acute myeloblastic leukemia.
At the beginning of the malignant disease, 10 patients (18.9%) had the weight under percentage 5 . The height corresponding to the age was, at the beginning of the disease under percentage 5 with 6 patients (11.32%), showing a chronic state of
malnutrition. The hemoglobin is diminished to 88.67% of the patients. Sideremia was lowered to 3.77% of the patients and increased to 45.28%. 35.85% of the children had the serum proteins decreased, from which 28.30% had hypoalbuminemia.
We had in view a period of 6 months since the initation of chemotherapy the response to the treatment by: realising the remission, an occurance of relapse, infectious episodes, those of febrile neuthropenia and the rate of death. In our study we have found that along with the children with a proper nutritional status, the malnourished children show a higher amount of infectious episodes (9.66 versus 7,32 infectious episodes/child); the number of the febrile neutropenia episodes was higher (3.8 versus 2.01 episodes/child). The remission at 6 months was slightly inferior in malnourished children, yet, the rate of mortality has not been influenced.
Conclusions: 1. The prevalence of the assessed severe malnutrition based on the anthropometric indicators was 18.9% at the beginning of the malignant disease. 2. The children’s smaller height at the beginning of the tumoral disease is given by the chronic protein-caloric malnutrition,existing before the disease. 3. Among the malnourished patients, the frequency of the infectious episodes is higher and the remission at 6 months is inferior to those with a normal nutritional status, however the rate of death is not different.

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No-reflow in Patients with ST Elevation Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction

Baba C., Ortan F., Ursu M.

ICCO Clinics Brasov, Interventional Cardiology

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of no-reflow after coronary recanalization in anterior acute myocardial infarction with ST-T segment elevation.
Methods: In a cohort of 80 consecutive patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction who were treated with primary angioplasty, we analysed angiographic and clinical characteristic of patients and the prevalence of pre-infarction angina. Successful angioplasty was defined as Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3 flow and residual stenosis less than 50% after the angioplasty procedure. The phenomenon of no-reflow is defined as inadequate myocardial perfusion through a given segment of the coronary circulation without angiographic evidence of mechanical vessel obstruction.
Results: Successful angioplasty was achieved in 63 patients (78.75%). Mean age and gender were not different from patients with and without TIMI grade 3 flow. The no-reflow phenomenon was more frequently observed in patients with diabetes (29.41% vs 4.76%, p 0.0001). TIMI grade III flow was higher in the patients with pre-infarction angina (42.86% vs 11.76% p 0.02).
Conclusion: The no reflow phenomenon in patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction treated with primary angioplasty is present in 21.25% of patients. Pre-infarction angina is associated with preservation of the microvasculature, reflected by reduced no-reflow.

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Comparative Study Between Echocardiography and Autopsy Results of Congenital Heart Defects

Imre Ágnes1, Egyed-Zs Imre2, Togănel Rodica2, Cotoi Ovidiu1, Pasc Ana Sorina3, Cucerea Manuela4

1 Morphopathology Departament of County Emergency Clinic Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş
2 University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș
3 Pediatric Cardiology Department of the Emergency Clinic Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş
4 Neonatology Departament of County Emergency Clinic Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş

Background: Congenital heart disease is currently the world’s leading birth defect, with incidence estimated at 8 per 1000 live births. Confidence in the images obtained using echocardiography has continued to increase, with many patients referred for corrective or palliative surgery on the basis of echocardiographic imaging alone. This review outlines the manner in which echocardiography is used to plan and guide congenital heart surgery or intervention, along with some of the advantages and disadvantages of which to be aware.
Aim: To assess the degree of harmonization of echocardiography with postmortem diagnosis in congenital heart disease.
Material and method: We examined the morphology of congenital heart diseases by autopsy in the Morphopathology Department of the County Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş in 2008 and 2009. We analyzed the components of the congenital heart disease and we compared the echocardiographic results with the autopsy results also.
Results: In 2008 and 2009 621 necropsies were carried out, from which 49, meaning 7.89% were diagnosed with simple or complex cardiac malformations; the male-female ration was 1:0.9. We found a few differences between the echocardiography and autopsy results on the following malformations: total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, double outlet ventricle, univentricular heart.
Conclusions: Echocardiography is accepted as the first-line imaging modality for diagnosing most types of congenital heart defects but in some difficult cases surgeons must always keep in mind the possibility of the presence of other heart malformation too.

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To See or Not to See: Beyond the Open Artery in Myocardial Reperfusion

Dobreanu D.

Tîrgu Mureș University of Medicine and Pharmacy

Acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in industrialised countries. The pathogenesis of STEMI is well know in the present: after plaque rupture and intracoronary thrombus formation, ischemia causes damage to myocytes and coronary microcirculation, soon after occlusion. Thus, the goal of therapy in patients with STEMI is to re-establish a pa-tent infarct-related epicardial artery as soon as possible.
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has now emerged as the optimal mode of reperfusion therapy, if performed by an experienced team within 90 minutes after the onset of symptoms [1]. The Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) group has categorized epicardial coronary flow into four grades (0–3) to standardize the angiographic characterization of reperfusion. Primary PCI results in patency of the occluded artery in almost all patients and in restoration of TIMI flow grade 3 (normal epicardial flow) in more than 90% of patients [2].
The restoration of TIMI-3 coronary flow in patients with STEMI is associated with improved survival and enhanced recovery of left ventricular function. This observation has led to the ‘Open artery theory’ explaning that restoration of TIMI-3 flow has been used as the gold standard for reperfusion success [3]. [More]

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