Category Archives: Number

Clinical Study Regarding the Association Between Some Etiological Factors and Tooth Wear

Mucenic Simona, Bereșescu Gabriela, Borş Andreea, Cămărăşan Alina, Molnar Varlam Cristina, Kerekes Máthé Bernadette, Székely Melinda

Department of Dental Arches and Tooth Morphology, Prosthesis Technology, Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Background: Loss of hard dental tissues is a permanent problem of the dentition that affects all age groups and is regarded as part of the ageing process and a modern problem for dentistry.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of some etiological factors connected with the tooth wear process.
Material and method: One-hundred-fifty patients were investigated, 84 of them presented different types of tooth wear: abrasion, attrition, erosion and the combination of these. In order to determine the etiological factors we used the association of anamnestic questionnary, clinical examination, digital photography. The etiological factors were classified according to their action with age, oral hygiene habits, parafunctions and unhealthy habits, chronic diseases associated with regurgitations and vomiting. Frequencies and percentages of variables were reported. Chi-square test was used to test associations between categories of variables at 5% level of significance.
Results and discussion: 51.19% of patients had more than one type of tooth wear and 22.62% had attrition. There was a significant association between tooth wear lesions and age, toothbrushing technique and type of toothbrushes used. Diet, parafunction and vicious habits, regurgitation and vomiting were not significant for tooth wear lesions.
Conclusions: The acknowledgement of the etiological factors is important for prevention and treatment approaches.

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Radiographic Evaluation into the Relationship of Different Cephalometric Values and Malocclusion

Mártha Krisztina1, Ogodescu A2, Păcurar Mariana1, Ogodescu Emilia2, Lőrinczi Z3

1 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
2 Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timișoara, Romania
3 Department of Anatomy and Embriology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Background: There is an abundance of contradictory data regarding the relationship between the value of the cranial base angle, the type of malocclusion and the degree of mandibular prognathism.
The aim of our study was to identify craniofacial differences between the classes of malocclusion, to evaluate the relationship between the cranial base angle and lengths, the skeletal and dento-alveolar pattern.
Methods: A retrospective cephalometric study was carried out on 44 cephalometric radiographs to examine the contribution of cranial base angle and different linear and angular values in the four groups of malocclusion as classified by Angle. We measured the cranial base flexure, jaw position angles, the maxillary mandibular planes angle, the cranial base lengths and jaw lengths.
Results showed that the cranial base angle was significantly larger in class II division 1 subjects than in the class I group, mandibular length was found to be similar in class I and class II subjects, although it was significantly larger in the class III group and the cranial base angle was correlated inversely with maxillar and mandibular plane angles.
Conclusions: We found no correlation between the anterior cranial base length and maxillary and mandibulary prognathism.

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Helicobacter pylori Gastritis in Children – Assessment of Resistance to Treatment on the Casuistry of the Ist Pediatric Clinic Tîrgu Mureș

Mărginean Oana, Pitea Ana-Maria, Brînzaniuc Klara

University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Background: It is generally recognized the role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease in adults and children. Some cases raise serious concern regarding the therapeutic approach because they do not heal with normal treatment schemes or have frequent relapses due to the fact that the microorganism has virulence factors that determine resistance to therapy.
The purpose of this work was to analyze the cases of gastritis due to H. pylori in children from our casuistry, which have not healed despite a properly conducted treatment to eradicate the bacteria.
Material and methods: This was a prospective study carried out on 1,041 children aged between 2 and 18 years, diagnosed with different types of gastritis in Ist Pediatric Clinic from Tîrgu Mureș, admitted between January 2001 and March 2010. We have had 539 cases of gastritis due to H. pylori; for these patients a specific treatment was prescribed in order to eradicate the infection and to cure gastritis (accor-ding to the current internationally accepted recommendations).
Results: The average age of patients in the study group was 12.9 years, with a higher incidence in the 7–12 (33.02%) and 13-18 years (62.89%) age group, predominantly among female patients (63.45%) and those from rural areas (55.84%). From the patients diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori gastritis, 478 cases presented for review; after proper treatment with anti-infectives in combination with proton pump inhibitors, clinical-histological healing of the disease after a month was found in 426 cases (89.12%); a number of 52 patients remained positive (10.87%). Two months after treatment the endoscopical and histopatological modifications persisted in 26 cases (5.43%); a total of six cases (1.25%) remained positive for Helicobacter pylori infection after therapy.
Conclusions: The resistance of Helicobacter pylori infection to therapy is caused by the continued action of favoring factors, the virulence of the microorganisms in association with a genetic predisposition present in some individuals.

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Frequency of Risk Factors in Retinopathy of Prematurity In a Sample of Infants from Mureș County

Maki Cristina¹, Máthé-István Ildikó¹, Vig Júlia¹, Baghiu Maria Despina²

1 Department of Ophtalmology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Objective: To analyze the risk factors involved in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and to report the incidence of ROP in premature infants from Mureș county, Romania.
Material and methods: Our study was based on a prospective study of premature infants with risk for developing ROP, based on international protocols, admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from Tîrgu Mureș, between March 2008 and March 2010. In the study were included all the premature babies with gestational age ≤32 weeks and birth weight ≤1500 g, and those with gestational age >32 weeks and birth weight >1500 g, but with unstable perinatal evolution. Ophthalmic examinations were started at 4–6 weeks after birth, and followed until complete resolution of ROP or complete maturation of the retina. We used Chi square test and Fisher test to estimated relative risk (RR), associated with the risk factors of ROP.
Results: In our group of 137 premature babies monitored, 22% were in different stages of ROP. The advanced types of illness that needed therapeutic intervention represented 3% of all premature babies monitored and 13% of all babies with ROP. We found a statistically significant association between low birth weight (≤1500 g), low gestational age (≤32 weeks), mechanical ventilation for more than 7 days, intrauterine risk factors (maternal preeclampsia), respiratory distress syndrome, and the development of ROP. We also found a statistically significant association between extremely low birth weight (≤1000 g) and the development of severe forms of ROP. The other followed risk factors (blood transfusion, anemia or sepsis) were not linked significantly to the risk of ROP development.
Conclusions: Despite progress in neonatal intensive care, ROP persists and can be explained by greater prematurity and early screening. Effective screening procedures performed between the 4th and 6th week of life can improve the prognosis of the disease.

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Modifications of Dental Proprioceptivity After Apicectomy

Jánosi Kinga Mária1, Popşor S1, Kovács A2

1 Department of Prosthodontics and Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
2 Private Practice, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

Introduction: The proprioceptive control resulted from the periodontal mechanoreceptors is a major factor upon the control of masticatory muscle activity.
The aim of this study is to present the modification of dental proprioceptivity consequentially to apicectomy, which is followed by changes in the masticatory muscles activity.
Material and methods: In the present study we included a number of 11 patients from private practice, all of them presenting chronic periapical infection on which we performed apicectomy. To measure and compare the muscular contraction, we used electromyographic recordings before and after the surgery. We used the BioEMG II device, with surface electrodes placed bilaterally on the masseter muscles, the achieved data were recorded and analyzed using the device software.
Results: The data obtained preoperatively allowed us to visualize the shrinkage of the amplitude of the electromyographic signal, because the muscular activity was inhibited by the periodontal mechanoreceptors as protective reflex. Postoperatory results showed us a significant raise of the amplitude of electromyografic signals (p = 0.001), following the elimination of mechanoreceptors from the apical area.
Conclusions: The achieved results suggested that the mechanoreceptors localized in the apical third of the root, in the periodontal space are importants in providing the control of masticatory muscles activity.

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Overexpression of HER2/neu Receptor – Prognostic Factor in Endometrial Cancer

Ilyés L1, Rădulescu Carmen1, Grama O1, Gârbovan O1, Ádám A1, Jung J2, Rădulescu C1

1 Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
2 Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

Objective: The purpose of the study is to assess the incidence of the HER2/neu transmembrane receptor in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer, and to determine the association of HER2/neu with other negative prognostic factors.
Material and method: We followed the survival rates for 2 and 3 years depending of the presence of HER2/neu, correlated with other prognostic factors of endometrial cancer like the stage of the disease, the histological type and the grade of malignancy.
Results: Out of 42 patients treated, 72.42% were HER2/neu positive. In stage I 65%, in stage II 73.33%, in stage III 100% were positive for HER2/neu. The cases with endometrioid type were positive in 65.62%, with non-endometrioid type in 90%. In well differentiated forms 50%, in moderately differentiated forms 84.21% and in undifferentiated forms 77.77% were HER2/neu positive. The 2 year survival rate was 80% in HER2 positive cases, and 83.33% in negative cases. The 2 year survival rate was 85% in stage I, 80% in stage II, 66.66% in stage III and 92.85% in G1, 89.47% in G2 and 55.55% in G3 forms.
Conclusions: High expression of HER2/neu was present in advanced stages, in non-endometrioid types and in less differentiated forms of endometrial cancer. The stage of the disease and the degree of malignancy are the factors that can influence the long term survival. The pre-sence of HER2 transmembrane receptor seems not to influence the survival rates. More important prognostic predictors are the stage of the disease, the histological type and the grade of malignancy.

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Ultrasound and Doppler Assessment of Fetuses with Growth Restriction in the Absence of an Evident Etiological Factor

Grif Caterina1, Voidăzan S2, Rădulescu Carmen1, Gliga M1, Rădulescu C1

1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
2 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania

Background: Differentiation between normal and pathological fetal growth may be difficult and a regular fetal biometry is required, with ultrasound examination of the placenta, amniotic fluid index assessment and Doppler velocimetry of pregnancies with fetal growth disorders, even in the absence of a clear etiologic factor.
Material and method: This is an observational study and includes two groups: one with 24 pregnancies with FGR confirmed postpartum (SGA+) and another with 42 pregnancies with normal birth weight (SGA-). The database contained personal data, several parameters of fetal biometry, amniotic fluid index, placentation and velocimetric indices, birth-related data. Statistical analysis of obtained data was carried out using Microsoft Excel and Graphpad Prisma programs. We used the Student test, Z test and Chi square test and Fisher when needed. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. We also used Pearson correlation index.
Results: Between the two groups there were statistically significant differences regarding fetal biometry parameters, especially AC and ultrasound estimated weight and birth weight, infant length, Apgar score at 5′ and days of hospitalization. Velocimetric indices were significantly higher in placental uterine and umbilical artery in SGA+ group. There was a negative correlation between umbilical RI and AFI in SGA+ group but without statistical significance.
Conclusions: Fetal biometry, umbilical artery Doppler examination (when RI <0.6) and AFI calculation (>10) are the most used methods in the assessment of normal fetal growth and intrauterine fetal wellbeing.

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Multi-trauma Patients Management: a Cross-sectional Study

Gomotîrceanu F, Bățagă T

Clinical Emergency County Hospital, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

 

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the multi-trauma critical patient management in the Clinical Emergency County Hospital of Tîrgu Mureş, Romania.
Material and method: We conducted a cross-sectional study, data collection was achieved by extracting records from hospital patients database. We collected the data from January 2007 until June 2011. The initial search revealed a number of 784 patients diagnosed with multi-trauma. From this sample we included in the study only a number of 312 patients diagnosed with critical multi-trauma from whom 194 underwent emergency surgery. We evaluated clinical consults distribution, the frequency of mechanisms of injury, therapeutical and diagnostic procedures, clinical transfers, lesions associations, traumatic lesions that required emergency surgery, injured organs and thoracic injuries that required emergency surgery.
Results: From the total number of patients, 214 (68.58%) were men and 98 (31.42%) were women. The incidence of multi-trauma regarding age, showed a peak in the 1st and 2nd decade. Regarding the mechanism of injury, the main cause is represented by car accidents, followed by assault and fall. It was observed that the most frequent clinical consults were the surgical ones, followed by orthopaedic and neurosurgical consults. In the Surgical Department, in the studied period of time, there was admitted a number of 272 patients diagnosed with critical multi-trauma.
Conclusions: In recent years, the incidence of critical multi-trauma patients increased especially in the first and second life decades. Critical multi-trauma patients with emergency surgery presented a low vital prognosis, with a mortality of 4.77%. Survival of this category of patients could increase due to the establishment of a complete chain of care (patient management): accidents site, transport, emergency service, hospital operating room, intensive care postoperative therapy.

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Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs’ Complexes with Cyclodextrins – Molecular Modelling Study

Fülöp Ibolya1, Gyéresi Á2, Laczkó-Zöld Eszter3, Croitoru MD1

1 Department of Biopharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
2 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Objectives: Association of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with cyclodextrins is a largely used method to increase their stability and water solubility. The aim of our study was to clarify the interactions between seven nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and HP-β-CD and the spatial geometry of these inclusion complexes by using molecular modelling.
Methods: From the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory class seven representatives were chosen: ibuprofen, ketoprofen, piroxicam, meloxicam, tenoxicam, mefenamic acid and flufenamic acid. Computational study on host-guest complexes was carried out using molecular mechanics in Hyperchem software, both in vacuum and water periodic box condition.
Results: The obtained results show that all NSAIDs form inclusion complex with HP-β-CD. The spatial geometry of complexes was established by molecular mechanics computation and the complex formation energies were calculated.
Conclusions: Intermolecular hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions play an important role in the binding of NSAIDs to HP-β-CD. The results show good correlation with literature data.

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The Presence of Nucleated Red Cells in the Blood of Critical Care Patients is Associated with an Increased Mortality Risk

Duțu Mădălina¹, Negoiță S¹, Manolescu Rely ¹, Calu V3, Corneci D¹, Georgescu Anca5, Togănel Cornelia4, Azamfirei L²

1 Anesthesiology Clinic, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
2 Anesthesiology Clinic I, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
3 Surgical Clinic, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
4 Department of Oncology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
5 Clinic of Infectious Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

Background: The occurrence of nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) in critically ill patients is a consequence of either hypoxic or inflammatory injuries. Therefore erythroblasts’ detection may be used as an early indicator of high mortality risk.
Material and methods: In a prospective study the detection of NRBCs was used for daily monitoring of 90 patients for a 3-months term. The prognostic significance of the NRBCs presence was compared with two risk scores: APACHE II and SAPS II.
Results: The incidence of erythroblasts’ presence was 20% (18/90). The mortality of NRBC-positive patients was 88.8% (16/18) and was significantly higher (p <0.05) than the mortality of NRBC-negative patients: 30.5% (22/72). The incidence of the erythroblasts in peripheral blood has increased simultaneously with APACHE II and SAPS II scores. On average, NRBCs were detected for the first time 6.5 days before death. The occurrence of NRBCs was not associated with a specific cause of death; however septic patients who died had the highest incidence of NRBCs’ presence.
Conclusion: The daily screening of the presence of NRBCs seems to be a useful tool to estimate the mortality risk in critically ill patients, the parameter being of high prognostic strength regarding the mortality risk.

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