Category Archives: Number

Sciatic Nerve Regeneration in Wistar Albino Rats Evaluated by in vivo Conductivity and in vitro 1H NMR Relaxometry

Anamaria Victoria Bumbu1, Radu Fechete2, Marcel Perian3, Bogdan Septimiu Bumbu3, Klara Brinzaniuc3

1. Spitalul Clinic Judetean De Urgenta Oradea, Romania
2. Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania
3. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2018-0004

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify functional and structural nerve regeneration after reconstruction using either direct suture or silicon graft.
Methods: Thirty-two adult Wistar Albino rats were divided in two equal groups. The left sciatic nerve was cross-sectioned and reconstructed using either direct suture (DS group) or a silicone graft (SG group). At 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks two rats were randomly chosen from each group for in vivo measurement of nerve electric conductivity and subsequently sacrificed together with other two rats from the same group for in vitro 1H NMR relaxometry measurements. The T2 distributions were assigned to 1H located in different pools corresponding to the nerve structure.
Results: In the injured nerve we observed a significant increase in the stimulation threshold and a decrease in conduction velocity when compared with the healthy nerve in both groups. Whereas the conduction velocity increased progressively from 4 to 10 weeks in the DS group, the opposite evolution was observed in the SG group. In both groups, the first two peaks corresponding to water bound to collagen and epineurium had smaller transverse relaxation times in the injured nerves, while there was no change in the peaks corresponding to perineurium and free water between healthy and injured nerves.
Conclusions: Significant differences were observed between direct suture and nerve graft reconstructions from both a functional and structural point of view. In the case of direct suture reconstruction, the nerve was functionally healed at 10 weeks after injury.

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Clinical and Therapeutic Trial for the Efficacy of Narrow Band – UVB Phototherapy versus Systemic Therapy in Moderate and Severe Atopic Dermatitis of the Adult

Gyula Laszlo Fekete, László Fekete

University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2018-0003

Objectives: The aim of this clinical and therapy study was to evaluate the efficacy of NB-UVB phototherapy versus systemic therapy in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis of the adult.
Material and methods: The subjects of the study were divided into two groups of 25 adult patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis according to the inclusion criteria. The first group of 25 patients were treated with systemic corticosteroids while the second group of 25 patients were treated with NB-UVB phototherapy. At the end of the study, after all the data were centralized, we performed a statistical analysis of the results, comparing the two groups as well as the efficacy of the different therapies.
Results: In group I the clinical efficacy of the systemic corticosteroid treatment was achieved, on average, at 4 weeks in patients with moderate atopic dermatitis and at 6 weeks in patients with severe atopic dermatitis. In group II the clinical effecacy of NB-UVB phototherapy was achieved, on average, at 6 weeks for patients with moderate atopic dermatitis and at 8 weeks for those with the severe form. In both groups, the total IgE serum levels were elevated at the beginning, and they became normal throughout the clinical improvement. Remarkable therapy-related side effects were found in the first study group.
Conclusion: We conclude that NB-UVB phototherapy had similar efficacy in treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis with minimal side effects compared to systemic corticosteroid therapy.

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Comparative Enantioseparation of Amlodipine by HPLC and Capillary Electrophoresis

Anca Gabriela Cârje, Alina Balint, Daniela-Lucia Muntean, Gabriel Hancu, Valentin Ion, Silvia Imre

University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Tirgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2018-0001

Objective: The purpose of this study was to separate the enantiomers of amlodipine by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using ovomucoid (OVM) as chiral selector, respectively by Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) using cyclodextrines and to evaluate the analytical performance of the both proposed methods.
Material and methods: HPLC enantioseparation of amlodipine was performed on an HPLC Agilent Technologies 1100 series using as chiral stationary phase an Ultron ES OVM, 150×4.6 mm column with ovomucoid as chiral selector. The stereoselective CE analysis of amlodipine was achieved on Agilent Technologies 7100 CE using uncoated fused-silica capillaries 48 cm x 50 mm and different type of cyclodextrins as chiral selectors.
Results: A mobile phase consisting of 80% Na2HPO4 10 mM at a pH level of 5.0 and 20% ACN, isocratic elution at a flow of 1 ml/min turned to be the optimal experimental conditions for HPLC analysis (R=5.51; α=1.71) with retention times shorter than 10 minutes for the two isomers, tR (S-AML) = 4.63 (min); tR (R-AML) = 5.54 (min). The migration times for amlodipine enantiomers were tm (S-AML) = 8.15 (min) and tm (R-AML)= 8.45 (min) and the optimum CE conditions have proven to be a buffer solution containing 25 mM H3PO4 at pH 3.0 and 20 mM α-CD as chiral selector and a capillary temperature set at 15°C (R=1.51; α=1.03).
Conclusion: The analytical performances of the chromatographic method using OVM as chiral selector are superior to the electrophoretic analysis method but the CE method is more economical and may represent an alternative to the HPLC chromatographic separation.

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An Insight into Histopathologic Examination as a Gold Standard for the Diagnosis of Chronic Apical Periodontitis

Monica Monea1, Anca Maria Pop2, Veronica Grozescu3, Alexandra Stoica1, Simona Mocanu4, Cosmin Moldovan5

1. Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania
2. University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania
3. Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania
4. Emergency County Hospital Mures, Tîrgu Mures, Romania
5. Department of Applied Simulation in Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2018-0002

Objective: Objective. The purpose of our study was to determine the level of correlation between histopathologic results after surgery for chronic apical periodontitis and the radiographic and clinical diagnosis. The status of gold standard technique of histologic examination was evaluated in the diagnosis of apical radiolucency in necrotic teeth.
Methods. Out of 154 patients with incorrect root fillings and apical radiolucency included in an endodontic retreatment protocol, 87 patients (108 teeth) were scheduled for apical surgery at 3-6 months control recall. Clinical and radiographic exams were completed prior to surgery and compared to the histological results of apical biopsies. The collected data were statistically analyzed with the SPSS version 20.0 and the Chi-square test was used to determine the associations between clinical and histologic diagnosis. A value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results. There was a statistically significant difference between the number of cases diagnosed as granulomas or cysts during clinical and radiological evaluation compared to histologic evaluation of tissue samples, with 40.9% to 75.9% and 54.2% to 16.8% respectively (p<0.05).
Conclusions. The final diagnosis was obtained only after histologic examination of apical tissue samples, which means that the observations made based on radiologic investigations must be confirmed by biopsy.

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Late Onset Tay-Sachs Disease in a Non-Jewish Patient: Case Report

Smaranda Maier1, Zoltan Bajko1, Anca Moţăţăianu1, Adina Stoian2, Bianca Şchiopu3, Rodica Bălaşa1

1. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Department of Neurology
2. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Department of Patophysiology
3. Mureş County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu Mureş

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0034

Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is a rare, inherited, autosomal rececessive lysosomal storage disease. The late-onset form is an uncommon condition among non-Jewish population.
We present the case of a 32 years old male patient without Jewish origins, in whom the disease began in adolescence and was initially diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy. He developed progressively protean neurological symptomatology, including tetraparesis, cerebellar and extrapyramidal syndromes. The diagnosis was based on the cerebral MRI, showing severe cerebellar atrophy and the determination of the Hexosaminidase A activity, revealing low level.
In patients showing signs of lower motor neuron involvement, cerebellar and pyramidal signs and marked cerebellar atrophy the late-onset TSD should be suspected, and the first step in establishing the diagnosis should be to determine the serum activity of Hexosaminidase A.

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Colorectal Carcinoma in a Patient with Situs Inversus Totalis

Iunius Paul Simu1, Janos Jung2, Tivadar Bara3, Patricia Maria Luminita Simu4, Alexandru Ghizdavat5

1. Department of Radiology and Imaging, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mures, Romania
2. Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
3. Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
4. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
5. Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0039

Introduction: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common types of malignant tumors worldwide. In patients with situs abnormalities such as situs inversus totalis or situs ambiguus, the presence of this tumor could be a challenge for the surgeon, especially in cases in which the laparoscopic approach is considered.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 69-year-old male patient with situs inversus totalis. This particular case of situs inversus totalis was not a classical type because the patient had bilateral bilobed lungs, polysplenia, preduodenal portal vein in association with midgut malrotation. The pathology report after surgery revealed moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon, stage pT3 N1c M1a, liver metastases but without metastases in the eight resected lymph nodes. We compared this rare association of diseases of particular anatomic aspects with other reports in the specialty literature.
Conclusion: The identification of situs abnormalities or other malformations in patients with resectable colorectal cancer is essential, thus preoperative imaging studies are imperative for a proper surgical management. Colorectal cancer metastasizing patterns in patients with intestinal malrotation need to be further investigated.

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Simultaneous Extrahepatic Portal and Iliac Veins Thrombosis After Abdominal Surgery – A Case Report and Review of Literature

Ioan Tilea1, Anca Elena Negovan2, Cristina Maria Tatar2, Elena Ardeleanu3, Radu Mircea Neagoe4, Raluca Marginean5, Andreea Varga1

1. Family Medicine Discipline, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
2. Internal Medicine III Discipline, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
3. Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Romania
4. Surgery II Discipline, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania
5. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0038

Introduction: Extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis (EPVT) is the most frequent cause that leads to portal hypertension in non-cirrhotic patients. This condition is related to systemic and local risk factors (such as inflammatory lesions, injuries to portal venous system by surgery, vascular procedures).
Case presentation: A case of extended extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis and simultaneous thrombosis of left common iliac vein and inferior vena cava, appeared after abdominal surgery in a hypertensive, diabetic, 50 y.o. man is presented. An acute episode of abdominal pain was interpreted as an emergency and a surgical (initially laparoscopic and then open) procedure was planned in order to perform an appendectomy. Discharge diagnosis was hemoperitoneum secondary to iatrogenic rupture of sigmoid mesocolon provoked by trocar manipulation. Repeated imaging studies performed later revealed the thrombosis of portal vein with extension into right portal branch associated with superior mesenteric thrombosis and free-floating thrombus into left common iliac vein extended towards inferior vena cava. Surgical manoeuvres are considered as triggers of these thrombotic events. After 4 weeks of parenteral anticoagulation a partial recanalization of thrombi was identified, without bleedings.
Conclusions: Acute EPVT needs a carefully management. Case is linked to abdominal surgery and requires prolonged anticoagulation related to simultaneous portal and iliac vein thrombosis. Associated conditions (hypertension and diabetes mellitus) must have an appropriate approach. After our knowledge this is the first case published in literature.

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Lacosamide Reduces Seizure Severity but Increases Seizure Frequency in PTZ­-Kindled Rats

Zsolt Gáll1, Szabolcs Koncz1, Orsolya Gáll2, Melinda Kolcsár1

1. Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tirgu Mures, Romania
2. Emergency Clinical County Hospital of Targu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0037

Objective: This study evaluated the anticonvulsant action of lacosamide (LCS), a novel drug that was recently approved for the treatment of partial or secondarily generalized seizures, using an animal model of generalized epilepsy induced by repetitive pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) administration in rats. The main goal was to evaluate the behavioral pattern of lacosamide action by classifying seizures according to a modified Racine-scale. Furthermore, the reproducibility of the win-PTZ kindling model of epilepsy, a recently described variant of the standard PTZ-kindling model, was also assessed.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (n=16) were divided into two groups and underwent the win-PTZ-kindling protocol in two independent trials. After finishing the kindling procedure, all animals, which presented stage 5 seizures were tested for the anticonvulsant action of lacosamide at three different doses (3, 10, and 30 mg/kg).
Results: The maximal severity of seizures decreased and the latency to stage 3-­5 seizures increased when the animals were treated with lacosamide at a single dose of 10 mg/kg compared to saline pretreatment (p < 0.05), both parameter reflecting an anticonvulsant action of the drug. Unfortunately, the number of stage 3-5 seizures also increased, but not significantly. The win-PTZ kindling model showed an adequate reproducibility between different trials, however, the number of fully kindled rats was lower than previously reported.
Conclusions: Lacosamide showed a convincing anticonvulsant action in the win-PTZ kindling model of epilepsy by preventing the generalization of seizures. The win-PTZ kindling model was proved to be useful for studying epileptogenesis and the anticonvulsant action of drugs.

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Risk Factors Associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome after Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Violeta Dinesch1, Mihail Dinesch2, Ileana Voichita Sirbu3, Cosmin Macarie3, Mircea Buruian4

1. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mures, Romania
2. Department of Cardiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Transplant, Tîrgu Mures, Romania
3. Department of Internal Medicine M3, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tîrgu Mures, Romania
4. Department of Morphologic Sciences M1, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0036

Objective: Admission for acute coronary syndrome after successful percutaneous coronary intervention is a delicate situation for the patient and doctor. Predictors of these cases are poorly described.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed the files of post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients admitted to the Department of Cardiology of the Institute for Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Transplant in Tirgu Mures between January 2012 and December 2015. Analyses using the t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher test were performed to compare demographics, clinical and angiographic characteristics of patients with acute coronary syndrome, patients with stable angina, and those without symptoms.
Results: One hundred eighty post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients were readmitted; 46 patients (25.55%) were readmitted for acute coronary syndrome. Histories of arterial hypertension and renal dysfunction at hospital admission were associated with acute coronary syndrome. Bare metal stent in-stent restenosis and localisation of bare metal stent in-stent restenosis of the left descendent coronary artery were angiographic predictors of acute coronary syndrome.
Conclusion: Several clinical and angiographic factors identify patients at high risk for acute coronary syndrome after successful percutaneous coronary intervention. Recognition and treatment of these factors may prevent readmission for such a dangerous condition and may improve outcomes.

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The Relation of Dysfunctional Cognitive Schemas and Personality Dimensions in Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Cosmin Octavian Popa1, Adrian V. Rus2, Cathleen Skinner2, Zsolt S. Jakab3

1. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania, Department of Ethics and Social Sciences
2. Southwestern Christian University, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Bethany, OK, USA
3. University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Department of Counseling and Career Guidance, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2017-0035

Objective: This study investigated whether differences exist in the structural personality dimensions and eighteen maladaptive cognitive schemas among in- and out-patients (Clinical Group) diagnosed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and people from the general population without any psychiatric diagnostic (Control Group).
Methods: The Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) sample (N = 100) included 35 (35%) men and 65 (65%) women, with a mean age of 36.4 years (SD = 10.86; age range 18-69). The control sample (N = 100), included 28 (28%) men and 72 (72%) women, with a mean age of 27.1 years (SD = 9.8; age range 19-60). Data were simultaneously analyzed with one-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) to measure the effect of group membership on personality dimensions and on dysfunctional cognitive schemas, controlling for participants’ age. Next, univariate analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were done on each item with covariate-adjusted post-hoc comparisons.
Results: The results indicate that the Clinical Group participants had unfavorable scores on all five personality dimensions (i.e., Openness, Extraversion; Conscientiousness; Agreeability; and Emotional Stability – Neuroticism) and for almost all of the dysfunctional cognitive schemas in comparison with participants in the Control Group.
Conclusions: These results have general implications in understanding Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) clients and their personality characteristic’s profile and dysfunctional/maladaptive cognitive schemas.

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