Category Archives: AMM 2016, Volume 62, Number 1

Imaging Findings of Bisphosphonates-Associated Osteonecrosis of Jaw: Literature Review and Report of 3 Cases

Lazar Adela Cristina¹, Hedesiu Mihaela², Ilea Aranka¹, Baciut Grigore³, Pacurar Mariana4*, Campian Radu-Septimiu¹

¹ Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania
² Department of Dental Radiology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania
³ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania
4 Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu-Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2015-0081

Purpose: The present study aims radiological aspects of the occurrence of osteonecrosis of the jaw age groups both in receiving i.v bisphosphonates tratment Imaging assessment of bisphosphonates therapy-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw it is important to differentiate neoplastic invasion, osteomyelitis, osteoradionecrosis induced by radiation or bone related pathology of general diseases.
Material and method: We conducted a retrospective clinical study including 22 patients (8 men and 14 women) with various stages of osteonecrosis of the jaw.
Results: Radiological examinations using CBCT are required in all therapeutic approach of osteonecrosis of jaw cases providing accurate informations of position, dimension and the link with anatomical structures.Our study showed that the prevalence of osteonecrosis of mandibular growth is higher in women than in men and the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw in appearance is depending on age factor witch occurs more often between age 52-59 and 73-80 years old.
Conclusion: The multitude of complications due to treatment with bisphosphonates bind to an early and specialized therapeutic approach. Radiological examinations is a first choice in the detection and early diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw, patients requiring a permanent supervision by the physician and dentist.

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Is the Oxidative Stress Really a Disease?

Fogarasi Erzsébet1, Croitoru Mircea Dumitru1*, Fülöp Ibolya1, Muntean Daniela-Lucia2

1 Department of Toxicology and Biopharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
2 Analytical chemistry and analysis of medicines, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2015-0070

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals or other reactive species and the antioxidant activity of the organism. Oxidative stress can induce several illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer and Parkinson. The biomarkers of oxidative stress are used to test oxidative injury of biomolecules. The indicators of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 2-propenal, isoprostanes), of protein oxidation (carbonylated proteins, tyrosine derivatives), of oxidative damage of DNA, and other biomarkers (glutathione level, metallothioneins, myeloperoxidase activity) are the most used oxidative stress markers. Diseases caused by oxidative stress can be prevented with antioxidants. In human body are several enzymes with antioxidant capacity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) and spin traps. Antioxidants are synthetized in the organism (glutathione) or arrive in the body by nutrition (ascorbic acid, vitamin E, carotenoids, flavonoids, resveratrol, xanthones). Different therapeutic strategies to reduce oxidative stress with the use of synthetic molecules such as nitrone-based antioxidants (phenyl-α-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), 2,4-disulphophenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone (NXY-059), stilbazulenyl nitrone (STAZN)), which scavenge a wide variety of free radical species, increase endogenous antioxidant levels and inhibits free radical generation are also tested in animal models.

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Presence of Nitrate and Nitrite in Well Water in Mureș County

Fogarasi Erzsébet, Fülöp Ibolya*, Marcu Emanuela, Croitoru Mircea Dumitru

Department of Toxicology and Biopharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2015-0063

Objective: One of the most important sources of nitrite and nitrate anions, besides vegetables and meat products, is the drinking water. Presence of nitrite and nitrate in the water in higher concentrations than those set by EFSA (0.5 mg/l nitrite, 50 mg/l nitrate), may have toxicological significance. A quantitative determination of these ions in samples collected from several pleases from Mureș County was made.
Methods: Ninety-seven well water samples were tested from 12 different places from Mureș County. We used a simple HPLC-UV ion pair method for the determination of nitrite and nitrate concentrations. Sensitivity of the method enables the quantification for concentrations far below the MCL value.
Results: The highest amounts of nitrate and nitrite were measured in Sângeorgiu de Mureș and Cristeșt. Concentrations of nitrite and nitrate were exceeded in 4.12% and respectively 44.32% of the samples.
Conclusions: The high amounts of nitrites and nitrates existing in well water go beyond the expected extent. This pollution can become a health risk since this water is used in human nutrition especially in child nourishment.

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Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia: Prevalence, Clinical Presentation, Endoscopic and Histological Features

Drasovean Silvia Cosmina1*, Morărașu Diana Elena2, Pascarenco Ofelia Daniela2, Brsunic Olga1,2, Onișor Danusia Maria1,2, Boeriu Alina1,2, Dobru Daniela Ecaterina1,2

1 University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tirgu Mures
2 Department of Gastroenterology, Mures County Hospital

DOI: 10.1515/amma-2015-0061

Background and Aim: Gastric intestinal metaplasia represents a risk factor for intestinal type of gastric cancer. Gastric intestinal metaplasia seems to be associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in relatives of patients with gastric cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical, endoscopic and histological features of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
Material and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the esophagogastroduodenoscopies with biopsies performed between January 1, 2014 and October 31, 2014. Collected and analyzed data included age, gender, symptoms, endoscopic and histological findings.
Results: Four hundred eighty-two patients were included in the study. One hundred thirty-seven patients had gastric intestinal metaplasia, which presented a prevalence was 28,4%. A similar distribution between gender was observed with a significant increase of gastric intestinal metaplasia with age (p=0,0001). Regarding the indication for endoscopy, the prevalence of gastric intestinal metaplasia was: 17 % among patients with dyspeptic syndrome, 2 % in patients with anemia and 5 % in patients examined for other symptoms. Endoscopic findings showed gastric intestinal metaplasia was significantly associated with atrophic gastritis (p=0.0001), erythematous gastritis (p=0.0079), while there was no association with erosive gastritis (p=0.24) and peptic ulcer (p=0.19).
Conclusions: Gastric intestinal metaplasia is frequently recorded in patients undergoing in esophagogastroduodenoscopies with associated biopsies. Endoscopic findings like erythema and atrophy is strongly associated with gastric intestinal metaplasia emphasizing the importance of sampling biopsies.

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