Category Archives: Number

Management of denture stomatitis: An overview

Nader Navabi1, Parham Shakibaei2, Alireza Ranjbar Hassani2

1. Oral Medicine Department, Kerman Dental School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
2. Student Research Committee, Dental School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2023-0007

Denture stomatitis is a common inflammation of the palatal mucosa beneath removable dentures. The objective of this article was to examine the systematic reviews and clinical trials pertaining to the treatment of denture stomatitis. For this research, electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science) were searched from January 2000 to June 2021 using specified MESH keywords. Irrelevant articles were eliminated in three steps based on their titles, abstracts, and body texts. In the final analysis, 47 papers were selected, which included 12 systematic reviews and 35 clinical trials. Herbal compounds and denture disinfection were the interventions most commonly indicated. We concluded that, possibly due to the complex nature of this lesion’s etiology, there is no present definitive therapy guideline for this prevalent lesion.

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Evaluation of effects on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line of Cocos nucifera: In vitro study

Zeynep Tasdan1, Gülçin Alp Avci2, Emre Avci3

1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Hitit, Corum, Türkiye
2. Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye
3. Department of Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Türkiye

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2023-0004

Objective: Cancer is one of the most important diseases today. The use of chemical drugs, surgical operations, and transplants is very common in its treatment. In addition to these treatment methods, studies include the effects of natural and plant-derived substances. Various substances are used in these studies, which are called phytotherapy. The antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects of Cocos nucifera on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 and the mouse fibroblast L929 cell line were investigated in this study.
Methods: In this study, in vitro cytotoxic effects of C. nucifera at different concentrations (7.81-500 mg/ml) were investigated on the L929 Mouse Fibroblast cell line and HepG-2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma cell line. In addition to these studies, their antioxidant capacity was evaluated via spectrophotometric methods. In this work, different concentrations of C. nucifera were examined.
Results: According to the results, C. nucifera had a cytotoxic effect in HepG-2 and ensured the proliferative effect of cells in the L929 cell line. Among C. nucifera extracts according to total antioxidant capacity results, C. nucifera extract was found to be the richest in antioxidants with 2.79 mmol/L, while the material with the lowest antioxidant capacity was determined to be C. nucifera milk. DPPH free radical scavenging activity results show the opposite.
Conclusion: In line with the data we obtained, it is thought that C. nucifera can be used in liver cancer studies, and its antioxidant effect may play an important role in balancing against oxidative stress. Simultaneously, the data show that the exposure time and concentrations of the active substance are related to the cytotoxic effect. However, it may be considered that the use of C. nucifera water, extract, and milk in cancer patients may be supported by more comprehensive clinical studies.

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A study of the impact of solid cast removable dentures with silver electroplating on the condition of patients

Andriy Nikonov1, Valeriia Krynychko1, Nataliia Bobrovska1, Nataliia Breslavets1, Olha Smirnova2, Zahar Muhin3

1. Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
2. National Technical University “Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kharkiv, Ukraine
3. Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Surgery, Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2023-0002

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness and biocompatibility of the use of solid clasp dentures with silver plating in the restoration of partial defects of the dentition.
Methods: The study involved 23 patients with partial secondary adontia after oral rehabilitation. At the first stage, before the start of treatment and after a month of using a clasp prosthesis, patients underwent studies of blood biochemical parameters, Schiller-Pisarev’s test and Papillary-marginal-alveolar index. At the second stage of the research, silver electroplating was applied to the metal parts of the clasp prosthesis and after a month of use, its effect on oral hygiene and blood biochemical parameters was assessed.
Results: After installation of the removable prosthesis with solid structures, the PMA index after the use of silver-plated clasp prosthesis decreased to medium severity, which is explained by positive impact on the inflammatory process in the gums. We can see the stability of biochemical parameters of blood in patients with solid removable prostheses can serve as a justification for the administration of silver electroplating for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes.
Conclusions: The effectiveness of the use of silver plating in the treatment of partial defects of the dentition eliminates the clinical manifestations of the pathological condition and prevents possible complications in the oral cavity.

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Post maxillectomy definitive rehabilitation in post-covid mucormycosis patients using conventional and 3D printed obturator: A twin case report

Manu Rathee, Santhanam Divakar, Prachi Jain, Sandeep Singh, Sujata Chahal

Department of Prosthodontics, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2022-0032

Maxillectomy is the surgical removal or resection of the maxilla or upper jaw bone. Maxillectomy may be total or partial. It is performed during surgical treatment of cancer and infections (bacterial. fungal) of the oral cavity, nasal cavity and maxillary sinuses. Patient affected from post-Covid mucormycosis require local debridement or surgical resection resulting in maxillectomy. After surgery, patient has difficulty in mastication, speech, and swallowing because of communication between oral and nasal cavity. This may also give rise to psychological challenges and social exclusion. The prosthodontic rehabilitation of such patient using obturator provide a separation between oral and nasal cavity and improve the quality of life of the patient. There are various techniques and materials used for fabrication of definitive obturator. This article discusses the prosthodontic rehabilitation after maxillectomy in post-covid mucormycosis patients using obturator by conventional and 3D printed techniques.

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Non-surgical approach to a paediatric pilocytic astrocytoma with MRI follow-up. Case report and brief literature review

Andrei-Cristian Fülöp1, Zeno Opriș1, Eugen-Francisc Fülöp2, Ioana-Geanina Ghilință3, Catalin Andrei Zagan4, Attila Kövecsi5

1. Department of Radiology, Emergency County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
2. George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania
3. Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Emergency County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
4. Department of Neurosurgery, Emergency County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania
5. Department of Pathology, Emergency County Hospital, Targu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2022-0022

Introduction: Pilocytic astrocytoma is a common tumour in paediatric patients. A low-grade glioma, it is most commonly treated by surgery, with various post-surgical side effects. New methods of treatment and follow-up are constantly evolving to offer alternative options to paediatric patients whose nerve structures are developing.
Case presentation: A 9-year-old patient diagnosed with a pilocytic astrocytoma by MRI and histopathological examination underwent a biopsy and evacuation procedure of the cystic component after which the patient’s condition improved significantly. The ‘wait-and-see’ approach using MRI instead of total surgical excision of the tumour was preferred, and the patient had favourable results on control imaging.
Conclusions: Paediatric patients suffering from pilocytic astrocytoma with favourable imaging and histopathological features may consider MRI follow-up instead of surgical excision until the character of the tumour changes or until the brain has reached full development.

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Hereditary hemochromatosis: Retrospective study on clinical data from Emergency County Hospital Mures

Victor Sigmirean

Emergency County Hospital Mures, Targu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2022-0031

Objective: Hereditary hemochromatosis, or primary hemochromatosis, is a recessive genetic liver disorder caused by iron accumulation in tissues. This study evaluates patients with hereditary hemochromatosis to determine correlations between clinical and laboratory data.
Methods: The data analyzed in this study was gathered from the discharge records from 2019 to 2021 of the Gastroenterology Department of the Mures Country Emergency Clinical Hospital. 15 patients with hemochromatosis were sampled during the studied period.
Results: Hepatic cirrhosis is present in 67% of the studied group of patients, 40% of patients presented hypertension and 20% of patients showed diabetes mellitus and portal hypertension. Positive correlations were obtained between serum iron and alkaline phosphatase (r=0.8536), between serum iron and lactate dehydrogenase (r=0.7381), and between serum iron and urea (r = 0.79). Positive, strong correlation between ferritin and serum iron (r=0.7719), GOT (r=0.778) and GPT (r=0.6108). total bilirubin and direct bilirubin (r = 0.85), between total bilirubin and GOT (r = 0.68) and GPT (r = 0.82).
Conclusions: Excess iron stored is influencing organ function trough reactive oxygen species, the hepatic signs being a main participant in the clinical presentation, while serum iron cause damage to other tissues such as myocardium, pancreas and kidneys. Treatment for hemochromatosis includes phlebotomies, and iron chelation with Deferoxamine.

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The effect of postprandial in vivo and experimental in vitro hyperlipidemia on human peripheral blood monocytes

Ion Bogdan Manescu1, Mariuca Manescu1, Elena Cristina Preda2, Doina Ramona Manu1, Minodora Dobreanu1,3

1. George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania
2. County Emergency Clinical Hospital of Targu Mureș, Romania
3. Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, Targu-Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2022-0026

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of transient postprandial in vivo and prolonged experimental in vitro hyperlipidemia on human peripheral blood monocytes.
Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from seven healthy subjects after an overnight fast and three hours after a standardized high-fat meal. Both fasting and postprandial samples were stained for surface markers CD14/CD11b and intracellular lipids using BODIPY493/503. Postprandial samples only were used for isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells that were further incubated overnight with postprandial hyperlipidemic autologous plasma, then stained as described above. All samples were analyzed on a FACSAria III flow cytometer.
Results: Flow cytometric analysis revealed two monocyte populations (CD14+): CD14low and CD14high. In fasting, these populations show similar morphology (FSC/SSC), but different expressions of CD14, CD11b, and BODIPY493/503. At three hours postprandially, a moment of maximum hyperlipidemia, neither population suffered significant changes. After the 24-hour incubation, cell activation was observed in both populations: similar fold change increase in SSC, increase in FSC for CD14high cells only, similar foldchange increase in CD14, slightly higher foldchange increase in CD11b for CD14low monocytes, and significantly higher foldchange increase in lipid content for CD14high monocytes. CD14high monocytes appear to undergo a more intense activation than CD14low monocytes.
Conclusions: We conclude that all monocytes react after prolonged in vitro exposure to plasma lipids, each subset having its own activation pattern. All monocyte types may play a role in inflammation and the development of plaques. Monocyte assays are a valuable tool for the investigation of atherosclerosis at the cellular level.

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Artificial intelligence based model for establishing the histopathological diagnostic of the cutaneous basal cell carcinoma

Andrei Calin Dragomir1, Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz1, Ovidiu Simion Cotoi2, Leonard Azamfirei3

1. George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania
2. Department of Pathophysiology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania
3. Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, Romania

DOI: 10.2478/amma-2022-0020

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI), a component of computer science, has the ability to process the multitude of medical data existing in the medical system around the world. The goal of our study is to build an AI model, based on Machine Learning, capable of assisting pathologists around the world in the diagnosis of the basal cell carcinoma of the skin.
Material and Method: Our study is represented by the development of a Mask-RCNN (Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network) model, for the detection of cells with typical basal cell carcinoma tumoral changes. A number of 258 digitized histological images were used. The images emerged from Hematoxylin&Eosin stained pathology slides, diagnosed with cutaneous basal cell carcinoma between January 2018 and December 2021, at the Pathology Service of the Mureș County Clinical Hospital.
Results: All the used images have the unique resolution of 2560×1920 pixels. For the learning process, we divided these images into two datasets: the learning dataset, representing 80% of the total images; and the test dataset, representing 20% of the total images. The AI ​​model was trained using 1000 epochs with a learning rate of 0.00025 and only one classification category: basal cell carcinoma.
Conclusions: The AI model successfully identified in 85% of the cases the areas with pathological changes present in the input images.

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